PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.